纪录片《四季中国》英文解说词文本丨立秋

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Over 2,000 years ago,
ancient Chinese scholars observed
the changing patterns in our natural world:
The climates,
the turning of the seasons, and astronomy.
The'scholars measured and divided
the sun's annual movements into 24 equal parts,
creating the 24 solar terms
which were used to govern agriculture in ancient China
Even to this day.
this invention still guides
the lives and traditions
of hundreds of millions of Chinese people.
Every year around the 8th of August,
China welcomes its first autumn solar term:
Liqiu, the Beginning of Autumn
As the hot summer recedes
and the cool autumn beckons,
crops are approaching their harvest.
Farmers gather together, dancing and singing,
celebrating the seasonable weather
and the coming rich harvest.
You must be quiet when catching crickets.
Quiet.
There are too many crickets right now,
catching a good one is difficult.
What is interesting was two months ago
when I was in the field of Henan harvesting
all the wheat in the solar term Mangzhong,
they planted the field with corn afterwards.
And this is the corn.
This is the next plant now,
and now it is taller than me.
At the base of the corn now
is the wheat that they turned up.
All the wheat stems up
there down there the bottom now.
Living in the amount of that wheat
is the perfect environment for these crickets to live in.
And we are trying to look for them now,
and there are absolutely thousands of them down there.
Every time I take a step
another ten or twenty jump off in different directions.
Which is the one I am looking for?
I have absolutely no idea.
They all look exactly the same.
But one thing I can tell you
is that walking in the field of corn
is pretty a miserable experience.
The best time for catching crickets
is in the middle of the night.
This is Ningjin county, in Shandong province,
where fertile land
and abundant groundwater resources
have made it the largest cricket-breeding site in China.
In the autumn night
fully grown crickets spring about in their thousands.
But to pick out the exceptional from the ordinary,
is a daunting task.
Experienced cricket-catchers
often listen to a cricket's chirping call
to determine its qualities.
This cricket doesn't bite.
It doesn't bite?
Yes.
We have to keep looking then, us two.
Yes, that's right.
Try to be quiet, careful.
Ok.
Let's aim for a big one, a good one,
with large teeth.
Up until now,
this is the most of incredibly experience I ever had.
The cricket is an ancient, archaic insect
with at least 140 million years of history.
Due to its competitive and aggressive nature,
Chinese people began
to develop the sport of cricket-fighting
over a thousand years ago, in the Tang dynasty
It is a tradition comparable to Spanish bullfighting
or cockfighting in Thailand
Leilei, look, I caught a good one.
You caught it and now you've lost it.
It's gone.
The husband stays up late capturing crickets.
The wife, after preparing supper,
hurries to the market at the break of dawn,
ready to trade them.
This is the traditional labour division system
adopted by the cricket-catching families
of Ningjin county.
Come inside, it's my home
This is your home.
It's nice. A big courtyard.
You usually work
from 7 o'clock in the evening until late at night?
Until 12, one or two o'clock in the morning
Two o'clock in the morning.
How is this year going? For you two?
This year is not too bad
Not too bad.
Acricket-catcher
makes more or less 10,000 yuan at most
10,000. That's not bad,
with an extra 10,000 a year, that's quite decent.
Yes, to be honest,
if you do well it pays better than the harvest
Liqiu refers to the first solar term of autumn
It marks the end of the bustling summer,
and the beginning of the cool autumn.
Yet, in Ningjin,
this is the busiest and most lively period all year round.
The chirping of crickets echoes endlessly day and night.
Cricket-fighting enthusiasts across China
gather independently in Ningjin during this season,
each searching for the cricket-king in their own image.
The one that we caught, where did you put it?
Let's put it in here.
They are all in these bamboo carriers.
I should be careful when opening it then.
When you open it you must use the small cover,
It will jump out as soon as you open it.
This is how you open it,
then you put this over it,
now it's out.
After it's out you can put it in the pot,
close the lid.
That's right.
What's your first impression?
Do you think it's good?
Not bad, it's a good one.
Big head, strong neck
Wang, how much do you think this is worth?
This? Around thirty or fifty yuan.
Thirty yuan. And you?
I say this cricket is worth about a hundred.
A hundred.
You gave thirty yuan and he said a hundred.
Yes, it's hard to say with this.
Some might pay fifty,
some might really like it and pay one or two hundred.
Yes.
Let me try it.
Have a go.
Give it here.
Very clever.
It's out.
I'm a little nervous
It's fine.
Get in there. Go on. Very good.
It's fast. Look at that.
A third of a cricket-catcher's income
comes from the catching.
Two thirds of it comes from trade.
After the crickets are put into pots,
the preparations are finished.
Wang and Liu catch up on sleep,
while Wang's wife and
head to the busiest cricket market in Ningjin.
It's barely eight o'clock in the morning,
and the place is crowded with people.
Not surprisingly,
the majority of the cricket traders are women.
Placed neatly in front
of every stall are rows of cricket-pots.
Scattered around are a few simple folding stools,
Waiting for customers to stop by.
I'm from Shanghai, I come down every year.
You come every year, how long do you stay?
In Shandong, half a month.
Half a month.
15 days.
15 days just for buying this?
Around a hundred.
A hundred?
How much does that usually cost?
Three to five thousand
a couple hundred for one if cheap,
sometimes fifty or twenty as well.
Eight thousand? Is it here with you?
No, I already sent it home.
The price of this is hard to pin down,
some cricket kings are sold for a couple of yuan,
some are sold for ten thousand and then thrown away.
You have to rely on your own judgement
to determine its value.
For the customers,
money spent can be earned again.
But finding the king of crickets is not as simple.
The search for a good cricket
drives many buyers to arrive at the market,
before sunrise every day,
waiting for cricket traders to deal their first hand
The crickets that spring out during Liqiu
are literally pieces of gold from the ground.
There is said to be at least 100,000 travelers per year
from places like Shanghai, Beijing, and Tianjin,
swarming towards Ningjin.
The cricket market has an annual turnover
of some 400 million yuan.
It provides the locals
with a considerable addition to their income.
Hello. Are you selling crickets?
I am learning.
What have you learnt?
Last night I was with her husband catching them.
You went cricket-catching, did you catch any?
I did, I caught this one, the most valuable one.
Most valuable? Let me have a look.
He has caught only this one so far.
Cricket.
Definitely a cricket.
For an amateur, being able to catch one
is already impressive.
Yes.
You mentioned you wanted to learn about them?
Yes, learn a little.
These types of insects are called Autumn Insects
Historically, Chinese writing originated from pictograms,
and the word for autumn is represented
by a drawing of two crickets,
the cricket is the word for autumn.
And so, after thousands of years,
people still protect and take care of them.
This front area is called the head,
this area behind is called the cranium,
on the skull there are six lines,!
can you see?
The lines look like pattern.
The middle two lines tell
whether a cricket likes to fight or not.
All of this information that you describe
in fact it's all for identifying a good
fighting cricket.
After spending a day in the market,
do you think you can find any
that you are happy with?
It's both luck and hardwork
If you crouch down by every stall to take a look,
then you might see a cricket you like.
If you're simply looking to have some fun,
you won't do well.
Those who are doing this at my age
have been doing it for many years,
or even decades.
They're the best among the best.
That's awesome!
You are a master at cricket catching.
Opening up this subject of crickets
has been fascinating.
There are so much you can learn.
It's a bit like trying to be an expert on wine,
its never ending
Being in the fields last night
with those two characters was hilarious
getting dirty,
trying to catch those little diamond in the ruff.
and those guys can make
some good extra money in doing so.
But now,
it's about to turn into more intellectual pursuit.
It's gonna get very serious
I go to Beijing to meet up with Mr. Zhao
to see the big plays in this battle of the crickets.
18
中iwta
Zhao Boguang is a famous name in Beijing.
He is the secretary general
of Beijing Chirping Insects Society.
The husband and wife run a small shop,
nothing grand and in fact quite ordinary.
It is, however, the most complete
cricket store in all of Beijing,
and is also where cricket-enthusiasts
love to congregate.
This is a feeding plate.
This one is most common.
Some are made of bamboo.
There are agate plates also,
which are usually very rare on the market.
Don't use your hand when grabbing it.
We use tweezers to move the plate.
This is a piece of rosewood
with mice whiskers on the end,
for teasing the crickets to fight
The ancients often used mice whiskers
to provoke crickets fighting.
This is very professional.
Since 1988
every year, Zhao Boguang organizes
a friendly cricket-fighting competition in Beijing.
It is said that in Beijing alone,
there are over 20 teams participating in the event
I like to compete.
I like to win, and to be strong
no matter in what field, be it work, or play,
at least in my own small field
I like to be the best.
You just love winning
Yes,Ilove winning
As it appears it's the cricket that wins or loses,
but in the reality it's competition between people.
Those with more crickets, better crickets,
and better-trained crickets
have a higher chance of winning.
It's the same as training athletes;
you have to give them nutrition and training
before finally sending them to the front line.
Mr. Zhao's shop
has on display all kinds of cricket related accessories.
Clay pots are a cricket's version of a single apartment
warm in the winter, and cool in the summer.
Guolong
is another type of container,
where shy cricket grooms and brides marry.
Their natural breeding relationship is polygamous
and this is the underlying reason
behind their fierce competitiveness.
These insects, having emerged from the ground,
and passed their first round of physical selection,
now enjoy a luxurious life.
The players, on the other hand,
must nurture these insects,
carefully examining their character traits
and changes in physique,
attempting to determine
whether they possess the 'Tyson' potential.
After 40 days of gentle nurturing,
the day for the crickets
to earn their master's honour has arrived.
According to Mr. Zhao,
is a significant portion of the players are hidden,
secret billionaires.
Other players-range from university professors,
state-owned enterprise CEOs,
and also students still in high school.
Every year around Liqiu,
these people pour their energy, wits, and fortunes
into this tiny insect, with only a hundred-day lifespan,
aspiring to master the art of victory through it.
After weighing in and dividing into groups,
the crickets ready their positions
Just like a boxing tournament,
heavyweights fight amongst heavyweights.
lightweights compete with lightweights.
Every cricket has a handler,
using a straw stick to tease their cricket's bite,
guiding them towards victory.
One,
two,
three.
Every person needs to practice,
this is the skill of straw handling.
After a battle,
the cricket feels uncomfortable,
and won't show its teeth,
in this situation, you must stimulate it,
forcing its teeth to open.
Each of these crickets has their own personalities.
Some are clever and adaptable,
others stubborn and refuse to give up.
After a few rounds of fighting,
and the losing side retreats,
while the winning cricket shows off flamboyantly.
Since the beginning
of the cricket handler's search during Liqiu,
all their enduring efforts
now rest in the balance of a single bite
Some clench their fists and stomp their feet in anger,
while others laugh and grin with pride and joy.